Veterinary World

Etriwati ¹, Dewi Ratih ², Ekowati Handharyani ², Surachmi Setiyaningsih ³

Affiliations
1 Laboratory of Pathology, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, ID
2 Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, ID
3 Department of Animal Disease and Public Health, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, ID

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine pathology and the distribution pattern of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in internal organs of chickens from a field case using immunohistochemical staining.
Materials and Methods: 10 groups of broiler, layer, and domestic chicken were collected from necropsy room Division of Pathology, Bogor Agricultural University. These chickens were originated from West Java and collected based on pathologist diagnosis as suspect of Newcastle disease (ND). They were subsequently confirmed positive of ND with real-time-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. The respiratory, circulatory, digestive, lymphoreticular and central nervous systems were collected for histopathology examination.
Results: The gross pathology and histopathology changes were tracheitis, pneumonia, pericarditis, myocarditis, catarrhal proventriculitis, catarrhal enteritis, typhlitis, perihepatitis, pancreatitis, nephritis interstitial, splenitis, atrophy of Bursa Fabricius, and encephalitis.
Conclusion: The distribution pattern of NDV in internal organs of chickens from a field case in this study is similar with a previous reported pattern in systemic cases of the internal chicken organs. High intensity of immunohistochemistry stain result was detected in trachea, lung, proventriculus, duodenum, cecal tonsil, kidney, and brain.

Keywords

Broiler, Domestic Chicken, Immunohistochemistry, Layer, Newcastle Disease.

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Erwin ¹, Etriwati ², Gunanti ³, Ekowati Handharyani ³, Deni Noviana ³

Affiliations
1 Laboratory of Clinic and Surgery, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, ID
2 Laboratory of Pathology, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, ID
3 Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, ID

Abstract

Aim: A good skin graft histopathology is followed by formation of hair follicle, sweat gland, sebaceous gland, blood vessel, lightly dense connective tissue, epidermis, and dermis layer. This research aimed to observe histopathology feature and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 expression on cat skin post skin grafting within a different period of time.
Materials and Methods: Nine male Indonesian local cats aged 1-2 years old weighing 3-4 kg were separated into three groups. First surgery created defect wound of 2 cm×2 cm in size to whole groups. The wounds were left alone for several days, differing in interval between each group, respectively: Group I (for 2 days), Group II (for 4 days), and Group III (for 6 days). The second surgery was done to each group which harvested skin of thoracic area and applied it on recipient wound bed. On day 24^th post skin graft was an examination of histopathology and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 immunohistochemistry.
Results: Group I donor skin’s epidermis layer had not formed completely whereas epidermis of donor skin of Groups II and III had completely formed. In all group hair follicle, sweat gland, sebaceous gland, and neovascularization were found. The density of connective tissue in Group I was very solid than other groups. Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 expression was found on donor skin’s epithelial cell in epidermis and dermis layer with very brown intensity for Group II, brown intensity for Group II, and lightly brown for Group I.
Conclusion: Histopathological structure and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 expression post skin graft are better in Groups II and III compared to Group I.

Keywords

Cats, Cytokeratin AE1/AE3, Histopathology, Skin Graft.

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Dwi Desmiyeni Putri ¹, Ekowati Handharyani ², Retno Damajanti Soejoedono ³, Agus Setiyono ², Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari ³, Okti Nadia Poetri ³

Affiliations
1 Study Program of Animal Biomedical Science, IPB Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, ID
2 Department of Veterinary Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, ID
3 Department of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, ID

Abstract

Aim: This research was conducted to differentiate and characterize eight Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates collected from vaccinated chicken at commercial flocks in West Java, Indonesia, in 2011, 2014 and 2015 by pathotype specific primers.
Materials and Methods: A total of eight NDV isolates collected from clinical outbreaks among commercial vaccinated flocks in West Java, Indonesia, in 2011, 2014, and 2015 were used in this study. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect and differentiate virulence of NDV strains, using three sets of primers targeting their M and F gene. First primers were universal primers to detect NDV targeting matrix (M) gene. Other two sets of primers were specific for the fusion (F) gene cleavage site sequence of virulent and avirulent NDV strains.
Results: Our results showed that three isolates belong to NDV virulent strains, and other five isolates belong to NDV avirulent strains. The nucleotide sequence of the F protein cleavage site showed ¹¹²K/R-R-Q/R-K-R/G-F¹¹⁷ on NDV virulent strains and ¹¹²G-K/R-Q-G-R-L¹¹⁷ on NDV avirulent strain.
Conclusion: Result from the current study suggested that NDV virulent strain were circulating among vaccinated chickens in West Java, Indonesia; this might possess a risk of causing ND outbreaks and causing economic losses within the poultry industry.

Keywords

F Gene, M Gene, Molecular Pathotyping, Newcastle Disease Virus, Vaccinated Chickens, Virulence.

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